THE  BOSTON- 

IMPROVED  DRY  KILN. 


Boston  Blovjuer  Qompapy, 

Boston,  Mass. 

IcSOl 


Boston  Blower  Company 


BOSTON,  MASS. 


SOLE  IVIANUKACTUREKS,  ON  THE  I NXERCH AN OE A.BLE  ELAN, 

OK 


BOSTON  CUI‘(JLA  ANM)  FORGE  HI.OWEKS, 
1U)ST()N  FAN'  BLOWERS, 

BOSTON  EXHAUST  FANS, 

BOSTON  SHAVING  EXHAUSTERS, 


BOSTON  STEAM  FANS, 

BOSTON  HOT  BLAST  APPARATUS, 
BOSTON  VENTILATING  WHEELS, 
BOSTON  PORTABLE  P'ORGES, 


COUNTERSHAFT.S, 
PULLEVS  AND  HANGERS, 
BLAST  GATES, 


PULLEY  LATHES, 

IRON  PLANERS, 
SPECIAL  MACHINERY, 


SHEET  IRON  \VORK  OF  EYERY  DESCRIPTION. 


THE  BOSTON  LUMBER  DRY  KILN 


THE  BOSTON  SHAVING  EXHAUST  FAN,  SINGLE  AND  DOUBLE  PATTERNS. 


HEATING  AND  VENTILATING  APPARATUS. 


Send  for  Descriptive  Circulars  and  Price  List. 


THE 


ISoston  Hot  l)last  Apparatus 

AS  USED  IN  CONNECTION  WITH  THE 


BOSTON  IMPROVED  LUMBER  DRY  KILN, 


MANUFACTURED  BY  THE 


BOSTON  BLOWER  OOMPANY, 

Boston,  Mass. 


1891. 


PREFACE. 


take  i)lcasure  in  presenting-  a new  Illustrated  Catalogue  of  the  Boston  Hot 
Bi..\st  Api’.tKATfs,  as  used  in  connection  with  the  Boston  Lmi’koved  Lumher 
1)R^■  Kiln.  In  entering  upon  our  fourteenth  business  year  we  feel  that  the  reputation 
of  our  apparatus  is  satisfactorily  established.  The  marked  success  of  our  Inii)roved 
Lumber  Dry  Kiln  has  led  to  large  and  constantly  increasing  sales,  for  dry  ing  all  kinds 
and  thicknesses  of  lumber,  in  all  })arts  of  the  world. 

Special  machinery  and  systematic  methods  of  manufacture  enable  us  to  produce 
apparatus  of  superior  design  ai-id  large  capacity,  which  costs  the  purchaser  no  more  than 
the  poorest  substitute  in  the  market. 

The  superiority  of  our  a})paratus  is  apparently  recognized  by  our  competitors,  who 
endeavor,  by  usiiig  similar  cuts  and  representing  and  “guaranteeing”  their  systems 
ecjual  in  efficiency  and  as  good  as  ours,  to  secure  orders.  The  design  of  most  forms  of 
such  “imitation”  aj^paratus  is  as  far  from  our  system  as  their  workmanship  falls  below 
ours.  L\-en  when  funiishing  apparatus  inferior  in  efficiency,  certain  parties  also  fail  to 
supply  complete  kiln  trimmings,  and  often  wholly  omit  the  air  duct,  which  is  quite 
expensive  as  well  as  essential. 

W’e  bring  to  bear  a larger  practical  experience  than  all  other  Dry  Kiln  manu- 
facturers combined,  which  enables  us  to  offer  apparatus  that  has  been  proved  reliable 
and  efficient  by 

THE  RIGID  TEST  OF  DAILY  USE  FOR  MANY  YEARS, 

and  nothing  that  is  based  on  theory  alone. 

W'e  iin  ite  \()ur  attention  to  the  following  pages,  and  with  thanks  for  past  favors 
solicit  future  oi'ders. 

BOSTON  BLOWER  00., 


BOSTON,  MASS. 


liosroN'  Ill.oWI.R  ( '( ).M  lioSTON'.  M \Ss. 


THE  BOSTON  HOT  BLAST  APPARATUS, 


'I'his  .Apparatus  is  the  comlunation  of  a lilower  and  Exliausl  I"an  and  a Steam  Heater. 

Steam,  live  or  e.xhaust,  is  passed  tlirou”Tt  th.e  Heater,  and  ah'  is  drawn  over  the  liot  pijres, 
thus  ex])osine;  a larg'e  xolume  of  air  to  a large  and  concentrated  amount  of  heating  surface,  and 
giving  it  a temperature  of  150  to  240  . Xot  only  is  this  high  temperature  obtained,  but  a raihil 
circulation  is  given  tlie  air,  whivli,  hav  ing  been  given  the  capacity  to  absorb  moisture,  gathers  it 
up  and  carries  it  olf,  making  the  process  of  drving  verv’  rapid. 

'I'he  blower  or  Exhaust  l''an  is  designed  to  move  a large  volume  of  air  at  a low  pressure 
,ind  with  the  best  economv  of  power,  and  may  be  driven  by  a detached  or  direct  connected 
engine,  or  from  the  mill  shafting.  AA'heie  drving  must  continue  day  and  night,  and  in  situations 
where  other  power  is  not  available,  the  special  engine  is  necessary. 

'The  Heater  is  made  up  of  a number  of  sections  or  coils  of  steam  pipes,  each  on  a separate 
cast-iron  base,  and  all  enclosed  in  a sheet-metal  casing.  Each  section  being  independent,  a 
great  variety  of  combinations  of  steam  supply  mav'  be  made. 

In  most  cases  use  is  made  of  the  exhaust  steam  from  tlie  mill  engine,  with  provision  for  the 
use  of  live  steam  in  its  stead  when  the  engine  is  not  running,  the  exhaust  steam  from  the  ban 
Engine,  together  with  the  necessary  amount  of  live  steam  to  supplement  the  supply  of  e.xhaust. 
and  so  secure  the  required  temperature  of  the  air. 

'I'he  blower  and  Heater  should  be  located  as  near  the  point  of  air  delivery  as  possible;  but 
the  heated  air  may  be  carried  long  distances  with  little  loss  of  temperature,  provided  the  pipes 
are  well  protected  with  non-conducting  material. 

b)'  jilacing  the  Heater  in  the  diyv  room  it  is  often  possible  to  do  considerable  dr^ang  by 
r.uliation  from  the  coils  alone,  when  the  blower  is  not  running.  Ebider  such  conditions  the  drv’ 
room  should  be  closed  until  the  blower  is  again  started,  when  the  overloaded  moist  air  will  be 
forced  out,  and  dry  air  applied  so  gradually  as  not  to  raise  the  temperature  of  the  room  too 
suddenlv',  which  would  damage  some  kinds  of  goods. 

In  large  drv  houses,  where  the  blower  runs  continually,  the  air  mav'  be  tempered  very 
accurately  by  adjusting  the  speed  of  the  Ean.  In  all  cases  the  heat  can  be  applied  gradually, 
and  maintained  at  as  high  or  low  a temperature  as  is  desirable,  until  the  material  being  dried  is 
in  a perfect  condition. 

W ith  this  .Apparatus  from  twenty-five  to  one  hundred  per  cent,  more  work  can  be  done  than 
by  an_v  other  application  of  heat. 

'I'he  use  of  this  .Apparatus  is  attended  by  perfect  safety  from  fire.  'Ehe  hot  steam  jupes 
being  enclosed  in  a steel-plate  casing  there  is  no  possibility  of  their  coming  in  contact  with 
intlaminable  material.  Hot  air  only  is  introduced  into  the  dry  room. 

In  making  int|uiries  concerning  the  application  of  this  .Apparatus,  please  state  the  kind  of 
material  and  the  amount  to  be  dried  in  a given  time.  If  dry  rooms  are  already  built,  give  their 
dimensions,  details  of  construction  and  situation,  data  regarding  the  power  and  steam  supply. 
— whether  live  or  exhaust  steam  can  or  must  be  used,  and  the  situation  of  the  same.  .A 
knowledge  of  these  details  is  necessary  for  the  proper  preparation  of  plans  and  estimates. 

h'or  a more  detailed  description  of  the  blower  and  Heater,  see  pages  devoted  to  these 
subjects. 

AA'e  design  and  contract  for  entire  drying  plants,  including  the  blower.  Heater.  Engine, 
boiler,  bumps,  etc. 


lioslON  l!l.()\S  I'.l^  ('OMI’ANM,  lioSI'ON,  iM  ASS. 


SPECIFICATIONS 


C)I* 

BOSTON  HOT  BLAST  APPARATUS 


T'he  columns  licacled,  " of  I’ijje  for  \\'armin<^  Iluilcling.s"  and  “ l-'eet  of  Pipe  for  1 )ry- 
houses " are  approximations  onl\'.  Since  the  existing  conditions  in  any  two  ljuildings  are 
seldom  alike,  and  drydiouses  arranged  for  drying  different  materials  require  widely  different 
temperatures,  it  is  imirossihie  to  make  an  arbitrary  combination  of  Plower  and  Heater  suited 
to  all  cases;  but,  on  receipt  of  all  details  concerning  buildings  to  be  warmed  or  material  to  be 
dried,  we  will  recommend  to  intending  purchasers  a Plower  and  Heater  of  sizes  especially 
adapted  to  their  needs, 

W’e  design  and  contract  for  the  entire  Drying  Plants,  including  Blower,  Heater,  Engine, 
Boilers,  Pumps,  Piping,  etc. 


Size  of 

Fan. 

Size  of 

Engine. 

Width  X H ’ght 
of  Rectan- 
gular Pipe 
fitting  Outlet 

Diam.X  Face 

of  Pulley. 

No.  of 

Rev.  of 

Fan. 

H.  P. 

to  drive 

Fan. 

Capacity 

in  cu.  ft. 

per  min. 

Feet  of 
pipe  for 
Warming 
Buildings. 

Prices. 

Feet  of 
pipe  for 
Dry- 
ho  uses 

B 

T X 3 

>3X13 

7X6 

862 

1 . 1 

-'75- 

200 

300 

D 

3X3 

16x16 

9X7 

580 

2.  I 

5' '9' 

300 

500 

60  In. 

5X8 

a 1 X::  1 

12X7 

520 

2.6 

6.360 

400 

700 

70  “ 

5X8 

26X  26 

• 6X8 

473 

3-6 

8,803 

600 

I 000 

80 

5X8 

-’9X-’7 

16X8 

412 

4-7 

1 •.498 

700 

1 I 00 

90  " 

6X8 

34X29 

• 8X8 

366 

6.4 

'5.5^  • 

I 200 

1 800 

100 

6X8 

37X3' 

22X10 

3^9 

7.6 

18.683 

I 500 

2300 

MO  ■■ 

7X10 

41  X37 

24X  •o 

299 

9-7 

23-7I4 

1700 

2600 

120  " 

8X1-’ 

45  X 4 1 

30X 

-’74 

I 1 .6 

30-456 

2 I 00 

3200 

140  " 

9X1-’ 

.55X49 

36X  • 2 

230 

•7-3 

42.254 

3100 

4600 

160 

10X15 

65X55 

42X  16 

205 

->  j 'y 

5‘'739 

4300 

6400 

IJOSTOX  ]![,0\VER  lioSTOX,  MaSS. 


BOSTON  STEEL-PLATE  EXHAUST  FANS, 

I'iic  lExliaust  Fan  used  as  part  of  tlie  Hoston  Mot  l>last  Apjraratus  is  of  the  style  known  as 
the  lioston  Steel  Plate,  and  is  desig;ned  especially  for  the  purpose. 

THE  HOUSING  is  built  of  heavy  steel  plate,  thoroughly  braced  with  tee  and  angle  iron 
and  secureU’  bolted  to  a cast-iron  base. 

THE  WHEEL,  or  Fan.  is  substantially  made,  and  is  balanced  at  the  speed  at  which  it  is 
to  run.  The  sides  and  floats  are  of  steel  plate,  the  arms  of  wrought-iron,  secured  in  cast-iron 
hubs,  which  are  firmly  keyed  to  the  shaft. 

. THE  SHAFT  is  steel,  and  of  sufficient  diameter  to  insure  rigidity. 

THE  JOURNAL  BOXES  ha\'e  large  wearing  surfaces  lined  with  anti-friction  metal,  and 
are  furnished  with  means  for  perfect  lubrication  and  removal  of  waste  oil. 

both  Housingand  Wheel  are  proportioned  for  moving  a large  volume  of  air.  with  a minimum 
expenditure  of  power. 

The  rigidity  of  parts  and  perfect  balance  of  the  Wheel  insure  cpiiet  operation,  which  feature 
is  especially  important  in  apparatus  for  warming  and  ventilating  dwellings  and  public  buildings. 

These  Fans  usually  discharge  horizontal!}'  from  the  bottom,  but  we  can  make  them  to 
discharge  in  any  direction. 


SIZES. 

Diam.  of  round 
pipe  fitting 
Inlets. 

Width  X Height  of 
rectangular  pipe 
fitting  Outlets. 

Diam  X Face 

of  Pulleys. 

Extreme 

Heights. 

Floor  Space  

PRICES. 

occupied. 

60  inch, 

25  in. 

2 I X - I in. 

12X  7 

60  in. 

5-X 

43  i”- 

70  " 

29  •• 

26X26  " 

16X  8 •• 

70  •• 

64  X 

5 ‘ ” 

80  “ 

29  •• 

29X27  " 

16X  8 

80  “ 

7>X 

55 

90  " 

34  “ 

0 

X 

-t 

18X  8 

90  " 

79X 

60  " 

100  " 

38  " 

37X3* 

22X10  " 

I 00  " 

86  X 

66  " 

110  " 

46  '• 

41X37  " 

24X  10  " 

I I 0 " 

93  X 

70  “ 

120  “ 

5 * 

45X41  “ 

30X12  " 

120  “ 

102  X 

75  " 

140  " 

55 

55X49 

36X12  " 

140  " 

122X 

81  " 

160  “ 

66  - 

^5X55 

42X  16  “ 

I 60  “ 

139X 

103  “ 

ISosroX  lil.OWKK  Co.Ml'AN\',  JSoS'l'ON',  M.\ss. 


OUR  HEATER, 

W'hicli  cinhoclies  many  novel  and  important  features,  is  tlioroughly  made,  and  is  extra  heavy 
.uul  strong.  liefore  leax  ing  our  shops,  e\'er)‘  section  is  sid:ijected  to  a steam  pressure  of  one 
hundred  pounds  per  scpiare  incli,  and  all  defective  parts,  if  there  are  any,  are  thrown  out. 

The  accompanying  cut  shows  side  and  end  elevations  and  plan  of  a single  section. 

To  form  a Heater,  any  desired  number  of  sections  are  placed  side  by  side  on  cast-iron 
I beams,  which  insure  alignment  and  level  foundation.  Manifolds,  of  the  proper  length  and 
diameter  to  cross  both  ends  of  all  the  sections,  are  connected  with  them  b\'  wrought-iron  nipples 
and  lock  nuts.  .Steam  is  supplied  to  each  section,  from  the  manifold  on  the  inlet  side,  through 
its  own  independent  connection.  The  manifold  across  the  outlet  or  drip  ends  receives  all  the 
condensation,  from  which  it  is  discharged  through  an  automatic  expansion  trap  when  live  steam 
is  used,  or  through  a pipe  of  suitable  size  to  insure  free  drainage  without  back  irressure  on  the 
engine  when  exhaust  steam  is  used.  Each  section  being  independent  of  every  other,  a great 
x'ariety  of  combinations  of  steam  supply  ma\-  be  made. 


The  special  features  claimed  for  this  Heater  are  : — 

1.  All  the  pipes  in  each  Heater  are  exact!}'  the  same  length,  and  made  u]3  in  a manner  tf) 
insure  a perfect  circulation  of  steam  in  every  foot  of  pipe. 

2.  The  number  of  joints  is  reduced  to  the  lowest  possible  limit. 

3.  In  case  of  accident,  any  section  can  be  removed  without  disturbing  any  other  section  in 
the  Heater;  and,  further,  any  single  pipe  can  be  replaced  without  removing  any  other  beyond 
the  one  directly  connected  with  it. 

4.  'I'he  arrangement  of  the  pipes  is  such  that  the  air  to  be  heated  cannot  escape  actual 
contact  with  the  entire  heating  surface. 

3.  Compactness.  In  no  other  Heater  is  the  same  amount  of  effective  heating  surface 
confined  in  so  small  a space. 

6.  Simplicity.  Any  person  of  ordinary  intelligence  can  operate  it  and  secure  maximum 
results. 


Ill 


IlosTox  IIluwer  Comi’anv,  Boston.  Mass. 


TABLE  OF  CAPACITIES  OF  BLOWERS  AND  EXHAUSTERS, 


SIZE. 

Pressure  of  Blast. 

Revolutions  per 
Minute. 

Cubic  Feet  of  Air  per 
Minute. 

Horse  Power 
required. 

X oz- 

260 

3<i7<^ 

0.32 

60  Inch 

X “ 

X “ 

368 

4.495 

0.9  I 

45  J 

5.508 

>■5° 

I 

520 

^.359 

2.60 

X " 

-35 

4.39^ 

0.44 

70  Inch 

X '• 

X ■■ 

333 

6,223 

1.27 

408 

7.625 

2.07 

1 

473 

8,802 

3.60 

X ■■ 

206 

5.741 

0.5S 

80  Inch 

X •• 

291 

8, 128 

1 .66 

X “ 

357 

9,960 

2.71 

I 

41^ 

I 1,497 

4.70 

X 

I S3 

7.751 

0.79 

90  Inch 

X 

X ” 

2 58 

10.972 

2.24 

317 

>3.445 

3.66 

I 

366 

>5.52  I 

'J-oo 

X •• 

'^5 

9.33  > 

0.94 

1 00  Inch 

X •• 

233 

13.228 

2.70 

X “ 

285 

16,184 

4-41 

329 

1 8,683 

7.64 

X “ 

144 

I >.843 

I I 

1 10  Inch 

X “ 

X “ 

2 I 2 

1 6,764 

3.42 

259 

20.541 

5.60 

I 

299 

23.7'3 

9.70 

X “ 

137 

14.2  I 1 

>•45 

1 20  Inch 

X “ 

X 

>94 

20,0 1 6 

4.1  I 

260 

24.650 

6.72 

1 

274 

28,456 

1 1.64 

X " 

' '7 

2 1 , 1 02 

2.  >5 

1 40  Inch 

1 , 

166 

29.870 

6. 1 0 

X 

204 

36.60 1 

9.98 

I 

230 

42.253 

17.28 

X •• 

'«3 

25.839 

2.42 

1 60  Inch 

1 , 

>45 

36.576 

7.48 

X •• 

179 

.;4,8i8 

12.22 

I 

203 

5 '.739 

21.16 

l)()si'i>\  lii.owi  K I’osrox,  .M  \ss. 


BOSTON  IMPROVED  HORIZONTAL  ENGINE, 


( )ur  Self-contained  Horizontal  Stationary  l''.ne,ines  are  huilt  in  sizes  ranitine;  from  5 to  20 
horse  power,  inclnsi\-e.  The  larjfer  sizes,  although  of  the  same  general  design,  ha\e  the 
modilications  necessary  for  ”reater  powers. 

Well  knowing  the  unfavorable  conditions  under  which  Tan  Kngines  are  usuallv  run,  the 
greatest  care  has  been  exercised  to  design  an  engine  capable  of  doing  continuous  duty  with  the 
least  care  and  expense. 

THE  BED  is  the  modification  of  the  ••  Porter"  ty]5e  adopted  1)_\'  most  builders  of  High 
Speed  Automatic  Engines.  An  unusual  amount  of  metal,  together  with  the  strength  inherent  in 
the  design,  secure  a perfectly  rigid  engine,  capable  of  resisting  all  strains  resulting  from  high 
steam  pressure  and  piston  speeds. 

THE  CYLINDER,  with  the  steam  chest,  is  a separate  casting,  bolted  to  the  bed  by  one  end 
only.  This  construction  eliminates  the  strains  usually  produced  in  the  l)ed  by  the  expansion 
and  contraction  of  the  cylinder.  'The  ports  are  short  and  have  a large  area,  insuring  a free 
exhaust,  and  their  low  position  on  the  side  of  exTinder  insures  drainage. 

THE  CONNECTING  ROD  is  a steel  casting  of  ample  proportions,  the  adjustment  being- 
such  that  the  distance  between  centers  is  always  the  same,  both  boxes  are  of  brass,  accurately 
fitted  to  the  rod  and  pins. 

THE  CRANK  SHAFT,  Piston  Rod,  and  Valve  Stem  are  all  of  steel,  our  aim  having  been  to 
secure  large  wearing  surfaces,  with  consequent  cool  running  and  long  life.  'Phese,  with  all  other 
mo\’ing  ]3arts,  have  a size  greatly  in  excess  of  that  necessary  for  strength  alone. 

THE  RECIPROCATING  PARTS  are  balanced  by  large  crank  disks,  fastened  to  and 
finished  with  the  crank  shaft. 

This  balance,  and  the  low  position  of  the  centers  of  the  mo\ing  parts,  insure  the  least 
possible  \ ibration. 

Means  of  adjustment  are  pro\’ided  for  taking  iqi  all  wear. 

THE  CAST-IRON  FOUNDATION,  shown  in  cut,  is  furnished  with  each  size  u]-)  to  25  horse 
power. 

d'he  complete  engine  includes  Fly  Wheel.  Automatic  .Stop  A'ariable  .Speed  (iovernor. 
Governor  belt.  Sight-feed  Lubricator,  Throttle  A’alve,  and  ( )il  Gups. 

We  ha\'e  placed  in  connection  with  our  apparatus  a number  of  hea\-v  double  engines,  with 
most  satisfactory  results.  ( )wing  tf)  the  very  steady  motion  of  doul)le  engines  a much  lighter 
wheel  can  be  used,  there  being  no  dead  center. 

In  the  event  of  any  part  of  either  engine  breaking  or  wearing  out.  that  engine  can  be 
disconnected,  and  sutticient  power  secured  from  the  other  to  o]5erate  ap]3aratus  until  necessar\- 
repairs  can  be  made. 

In  setting  up  double  engines  sole  plates  are  used  at  the  rear  end.  and  at  the  froiit  end  the 
shafts  are  connected  by  heavy  coupling,  o\'er  which  the  band  Wheel,  which  is  made  in  halves,  is 
placed  after  the  lines  are  established.  b\-  this  method,  these  engines  are  \ery  readil}-  adjusted 
after  being  leveled. 

For  cuts  and  specifications,  see  pages  12  and  13. 


Boston  Blower  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 


\-2 


}>-  


BOSTON  IMPROVED  HORIZONTAL  ENGINE. 


SPEC  I FICAT’IONS. 


Cylinder. 

Diameter.  Stroke. 

Horse  Power. 

Revolutions. 

Size  of 
Steam  Pipe. 

Size  of 

' Exhaust  Pipe. 

1 Approximate. 

1 Weight. 

s 

,s 

5 

150 

iX  in- 

i)4  in. 

1,000  lbs. 

6 

cS 

8 

■so 

1)4  “ 

1,300  " 

7 ! 

1 0 

1 0 

150 

I >4  “ 

1)4  “ 

1 2,100  “ 

cS 

I 2 

■5 

>50 

2 ** 

2/3  “ 

2,700 

<) 

1 2 

20 

'SO 

2 ** 

2)4  “ 

2,800  “ 

1 0 

■ s 

25  to  30 

I 40 

2)4  “ 

^ 3 “ 

4,100  “ 

I 

IS 

30  L)  35 

■3° 

2 )4  “ 

3 “ 

4vSoo  “ 

1 2 

iS 

3S  40 

'TS 

3 

1 3)4  “ 

i 7,000  “ 

' 4 

uS 

1 

1 

0 

, 

' '2S 

3)4  “ 

4 

7.S00  “ j 

With  60  ll.s.  iKjilcr  iiressiire.  at  the  tahulated  \o.  of  revolutions,  these  engines  will  develop  their  minimum  power. 


lios'iox  Blower  C'o.meanv,  Boston’,  Mass, 


i;; 


BOSTON  IMPROVED  DOUBLE  HORIZONTAL  ENGINE. 

SPEC  I FI  CATIONS. 


Cylinder. 

; Horse  Power. 

Revolutions. 

Size  of 

Size  of 

Approximate 

Diameter.  i 

Stroke. 

1 

Steam  Pipe. 

Exhaust  Pipe. 

Weight  Price, 

5 

8 

: 10 

'5° 

'X  ill- 

1 jT  in. 

2,000  1I)S. 

6 

8 

I I ^ 

ii_,  •• 

iX  " 

2,600  ••  1 

7 

I 0 

; 20 

'5° 

I E,  •• 

•x  •• 

4,100  “ ' 

8 

I 2 

30 

’50 

2 

2X  ■■ 

5.400  •• 

9 

I 

40 

‘50 

•>  • * 

2X  •• 

5.600  •• 

I o ^ 

15 

: 50  to 

60 

140 

->  I ‘ • 

3 

8,200  ' 

1 1 ' 

15 

; 60  to 

70 

'3° 

2 1 ^ 

3 " 

9,000  " 

I 2 1 

18 

0 

0 

80 

I “5 

3 

3 '4  " 

14,000  “ 

14 

i8 

100 

1-5 

3T  •• 

4 

15,000  " , 

NN'ith  60  lbs 

boiler 

pressure,  at  the 

tabulated  Xo. 

of  revolutions 

these  engines  will  develop  their  niinin 

.,1 


HORIZONTAL  ENGINE,  WITH  HALF  HOUSING. 


STEEL-PLATE  ENGINE  BLOWER  (or  Steam  Fan 


I50ST0N  Blower  Com  ran  v,  Boston,  Mass. 


li; 


STEAM  FANS. 


For  the  convenience  of  customers  who  lack  sufficient  space  for  a Bilower  and  detached 
en<^ine,  we  make  wliat  is  known  as  a Steam  Fan. 

These  l-'ans  are  the  regular  Steel-plate  Blowers  with  our  horizontal  or  vertical  engines 
connected  directly  to  the  Fan  Shaft,  as  shown  on  pages  14  and  15. 

It  will  be  seen  that  this  arrangement  greatly  economizes  space,  although  it  is  not  recom- 
mended when  a belt  dri\’en  Blower  can  be  accommodated,  because  it  necessitates  running  the 
engine  at  the  same  speed  as  the  Fan  ^^'heel,  while  an  engine  dri\’ing  by  belt  can  be  run  slower, 
the  desired  speed  of  the  Wheel  being  obtained  by  properly  proportioning  the  pulleys. 

W'e  build  Steam  F'ans  with  engine  on  either  side,  and  with  discharge  in  any  direction  desired. 
'The  e.xhaust  steam  from  Fan  Fingine  may  be  used  in  a Heater,  thus  avoiding  waste. 

For  dry  kiln  plants  where  the  output  of  lumber  is  in  e.xcess  of  18,000  feet,  board  measure, 
per  day,  we  ad\ise  a large  F’an  W'heel  enclosed  by  a half  Housing  of  steel  plate,  and  driven  by 
an  independent  engine  (see  i)age  10),  or,  if  desired,  by  a direct  connected  engine,  as  shown  on 
page  10.  By  this  arrangement  the  F'an  Wheel  swings  in  the  air  duct,  and  the  oftset.  otherwise 
re(|uired  in  the  air  duct,  is  avoided. 

Where  large  ducts  are  required  it  is  necessary  to  e.xcavate  for  them,  in  order  to  have  the  kiln 
platforms  of  proper  height  to  facilitate  loading  kiln  cars  upon  transfer  trucks.  When  the  brick 
foundation  is  put  in  for  the  half  Housing  and  Wheel,  the  pit  may  be  extended  underneath  the 
Heater  house  floor  to  the  Kilns,  and  there  unite  with  the  air  duct,  d'his  leaves  a free  passage 
for  the  air  from  the  Fan  to  the  Kilns,  and  hastens  the  drying  process  materially.  All  angles  and 
turns  in  air  duct  should  be  avoided  if  possible. 

We  furnish  free  to  our  customers  complete  plans  of  kiln  buildings,  with  printed  specifications 
for  projierly  constructing  same.  Wc  also  supply  complete  printed  instructions  for  erecting  and 
oiieiating  .\pparatus. 


lioSTON  ISLOWKU  C 'uMPANM  , licjSI'ON,  M ASS. 


DRYING. 


'I'hk  science  of  drying  rests  upon  tlie  fact  that  moisture  may  l^e  ai)sorl)ed  lyv  air,  the 
amount  varying  with  the  temperature  and  dryness  of  the  air.  d'he  wdiie  of  air  for  drying 
purposes  increase!^  witli  the  difference  between  its  temperature  and  that  of  its  point  of 
saturation,  but  at  a much  liiglier  ratio,  as  e.xplained  Irelow. 

The  moisture-absorbing  capacity  of  the  air  liaving  been  increased  b\'  heat,  another  factor 
must  be  considered  : this  is  the  circulation  of  the  air. 

Artificial  drying  is  necessarily  accomplished  in  an  enclosed  space,  usually  called  a dry  room. 
If  the  heated  air  is  introduced  into  such  a room,  it  immediately  begins  to  take  up  the  moistine 
from  the  material  being  dried,  its  capacity  for  so  doing  gradual!}’  decreasing,  until  at  the  point 
of  its  saturation  it  is  zero.  Now,  unless  this  moisture-laden  air  is  displaced  by  fresh  dry  air, 
the  process  of  drying  is  at  a standstill.  Thus  it  is  seen  that  a constant  circulation  is  necessary, 
and  that  heat  alone  can  have  little  effect. 

Xow,  still  another  element  appears  for  consideration  : this  is  the  volume  of  air  passed 
through  the  dry  house.  It  must  be  such  aii  amount  that  contact  is  insured  with  all  paits  of  the 
material  being  dried.  With  an  increase  of  volume  comes  the  natural  increase  of  absorbing 
capacity,  as,  since  one  cubic  foot  of  air  at  a certain  temperature  will  take  up  a definite  amount 
of  moisture,  two  cubic  feet  at  the  same  temperature  will  absorb  double  the  amount.  Heat, 
motion,  and  \’olume  are  thus  shown  to  be  essential  to  drving,  the  absence  of  an}’  one  element 
impairing  or  even  rendering  useless  the  others. 

Such  being  the  elementary  principles  of  drying,  we  will  show  how  they  have  been  ]uactically 
considered  in  the  design  and  construction  of  the  lioston  Dr}’  Kiln. 

When  a liquid  such  as  water  is  e.xposed  to  the  atmosphere,  it  is  evaporated  with  a rajndity 
depending  upon  the  surface  e.xposed,  the  temperature  of  the  air.  and  the  amount  of  water 
already  suspended  in  it,  and  its  movement.  When  the  drying  is  artiticiall}’  done  these  same 
factors  must  be  considered. 

THE  SURFACE  EXPOSED.  Since  evaporation  takes  place  at  the  surface  only,  it  follows 
that  the  greater  the  exposed  area,  the  more  rapid  is  the  process  of  drying. 

THE  TEMPERATURE  OF  THE  AIR,  It  is  well  known  that  the  higher  the  temperature 
of  the  air  the  greater  is  its  capacitv  for  absorbing  moisture : and  upon  this  fact  rests  the 


1''^  Boston'  Ijlower  Company,  Boston.  Mass. 


]ihilosoph\-  of  drying  by 

heated  air.  The  rapidity  with  which  this  capacitv 

increases  with  the 

temperature  is  shown  bv 

the  following  table  : 

— 

'rcnij)craturc  of  the  Air. 

Fall. 

Weiglu  of  vapor  in  a 
cii.  ft.  of  satunited  air. 

(Jrains. 

Temperature  of  ilie  Air. 

Fall. 

Weight  of  vapor  in  a 
cu.  ft.  of  saturated  air. 
Grains. 

32° 

2.12 

132 

• ■ 46.47 

52 

4-3« 

152 

75.01 

72  .... 

^•54 

172  

116.77 

92 

KS-7.S 

192 

'75-99 

I I 2 . 

27.62 

2 12 

257.74 

The  volume  at  32° 

being  i.oo  under  an 

atmospheric  pressure  of  29.921- 

inches  of  mercury. 

From  this  we  see  that  a cul:)ic  foot  of  air  at  32°  Fail,  becomes  saturated  when  it  has 
absorbed  2.12  grains  of  moisture,  if  now  we  raise  the  temperature  of  this  same  cubic  foot  of 
air  to  132°,  46.47  grains  of  moisture  are  required  to  saturate  it, — a gain  of  44.35  grains  during 
a rise  of  100°  in  temperature.  From  this  wiii  aiso  be  seen  tiiat  much  depends  upon  the  voiuine 

of  air  Irrougiit  in  contact  witii  tiie  surface  to  be  dried,  one  cubic  foot  of  air  at  a certain 

temperature  being  capabie  of  absorbing  a definite  amount  of  moisture : an  increase  in  the 
number  of  cubic  feet  means  a corresponding  increase  of  effect. 

THE  AMOUNT  OF  MOISTURE  ALREADY  SUSPENDED  IN  THE  AIR.  Although, 
on  account  of  the  liigli  temperature  gi\'en  to  the  air  in  artihcial  drying,  tliis  condition  lias  not 
the  importance  of  the  three  others,  it  is  e\'ident  that  the  less  the  amount  of  suspended  moisture 
the  greater  will  be  the  amount  absorbed  before  saturation. 

THE  MOVEMENT  OF  THE  AIR.  When  the  dry  air  first  comes  in  contact  with  the 

surface  of  the  material  being  dried,  evaporation  takes  place  with  great  avidity,  the  process 

becoming  slower,  and  finally  ceasing  at  the  point  of  saturation.  F'.vidently,  the  more  rapidly  the 
moisturedaden  air  is  displaced  by  fresh  dry  air,  the  sooner  is  complete  evaporation  effected. 
.Nature,  in  her  drying,  accomplishes  this  displacement  by  the  difference  in  densities  of  the 
saturated  and  dry  air,  and  by  the  wind ; but,  on  account  of  the  rapid  changes  in  the  con- 
ditions of  the  atmosphere,  and  the  uncertain  force  of  the  wind,  this  method  cannot  be 
depended  upon  when  time  and  jierfect  drying  are  to  be  considered.  Fhe  means  of  obtaining 
this  and  the  preceding  conditions  in  the  Boston  Dry  Kiln  will  be  e.xplained  in  the  following 


pages. 


ISOSI'OX  lil.OW’I'.K  CoMI'AW.  ISoSI'OX,  M \s.s. 


i;t 


THE  BOSTON  IMPROVED  DRY  KILN 


lla\in”'  stained  h\' experience  a thorough  knowledge  of  tlie  defects  of  existing  di‘\'  kilns, 
and  of  the  needs  of  manufacturers  recjuiring  large  quantities  of  perfect!}'  seasoned  luinher,  we 
designed  this  Kiln.  The  success  which  has  e\'er\where  attended  its  use  has  won  for  us  the 
foremost  jrlace  among  kiln  builders. 

A standard  kiln  room  is  se\'entv  feet  long.  se\'enteen  feet  wide,  and  nine  feet  high.  T’his 
will  hold  ten  kiln  cars,  each  car  carrying  from  three  to  four  thousand  feet  of  lumber.  The  Kiln 
is  a wooden  structure;  the  walls,  ceiling,  and  tioor  are  hollow  and  filled  with  some  non-conducting 
material,  as  sawdust  or  rice  chaff.  The  lioor  and  tracks  extend  ten  feet  beyond  each  end  of  the 
Kiln,  and  are  inclined  downward  from  the  receiving  end,  rendering  easy  the  movement  of  the 
loaded  cars. 

The  Hot  blast  Apparatus  is  located  in  a separate  room,  at  the  discharging  end  of  the  Kiln. 

The  air  duct  from  the  blower  enters  below  the  floor  line,  and  is  covered  above  by  slats, 
which,  while  protecting  the  duct  from  injury,  in  no  way  interfere  with  the  proper  discharge  of  the 
air.  Heavy  curtains  are  hung  at  regular  intervals  across  the  Kiln  and  fastened  to  the  ceiling. 
These,  with  narrow  doors  at  each  side  of  the  discharging  end,  prevent  the  free  passage  of  the 
hot  air  over  the  tops  and  by  the  sides  of  the  cars,  the  only  escape  being  through  the  lumber, 
towards  the  receir  ing  end  of  the  Kiln,  where  a slatted  outlet  is  provided  in  the  floor  for  its 
remoN'al. 

T’he  lumber  is  piled  on  trucks,  as  shown  by  the  cut  on  page  7. 

Much  depends  upon  the  care  exercised  in  piling.  Kach  layer  of  boards  must  be  separated 
by  stickers,  or  piling  sticks.  Y\'e  prefer  that  these  should  be  one  and  one-fourth  inch  sejuare, — 
never  less  than  seven-eighths  of  an  inch  square. — and  spaced  apart  not  more  than  four  feet. 
Each  board  in  a layer  should  be  separated  from  its  neighbor  at  least  one-half  inch.  It  must  be 
remembered  that  the  seasoned  board  will  ha\'e  assumed  permanently  the  shape  given  it  in  piling. 

W hen  the  lumber  is  piled  in  the  manner  described,  the  air  can  circulate  freely  through  the 
pile,  coming  in  contact  with  e\'ery  part  of  each  board.  Thus  we  obtain  one  of  the  essentials  of 
rapid  drying ; namely,  a large  area  of  exposed  surface. 

T'he  loaded  car  enters  at  the  high  or  receiving  end  of  the  Kiln,  which  is  farthest  from  the 
Heating  Apparatus.  Here  the  operation  of  drying  is  commenced  by  air  having  a low  temperature 
(about  125°  Fall.)  and  holding  a great  amount  of  moisture  in  suspension.  This  holds  the 
albumen  in  solution  until  it  is  coagulated  interiorly  by  the  higher  temperature  obtained  as  the 
cars  move  forward,  the  process  being  completed  on  the  exterior.  In  //tis  maii/irr  on/y  can  lumber 
be  seasoned  satisfactorilv.  Were  the  boards  first  subjected  to  dry  air  at  a high  temperature,  the 
albumen  at  the  surface  would  at  once  harden,  confining  to  the  interior  the  greater  portion  of  the 
moisture  we  desire  to  evaporate,  causing  the  boards  to  twist,  check,  discolor,  and.  in  time,  decay. 

Lumber  taken  from  our  Kilns  will  be  found  alike  in  color  on  both  sides,  absolutely  free  from 
stains,  with  less  season  check  than  if  seasoned  by  natural  process,  and.  if  properly  piled,  will  be 
as  straight  as  when  placed  in  the  room. 


THE  BOSTON  IMPROVED  LUMBER  DRY  KILN. 


STANDARD  FOUR  -ROOM  CAR  KILN. 


End  Li-DV/STiQN 


LLLVA.TION 


3l>J&LC 


DOUBLE  Tf^ACK. 


Plan 


LUMBER  TRUCK  USED  IK  THE  BOSTON  DRY  KILN 


MANUFACTURED  BY  THE  BOSTON  BLOWER  CO., 
BOSTON.MASS. 


Elntefi  FO^ee:  Wheel 


double  fOiNEE  WHEEL 


z 

> 

ct 

a 

h 

z 

Ul 

t£ 

< 


M'f"Tti  BV  Trie  BDSTDnI  BLDWEF\CQ. 

BD5T0t4  M^5  5. 


liOS  l OX  ISl.OWKR  ( 'OM  PAN  V,  lioSTON,  MaSS. 


APARTMENT  DRY  KILNS, 


.Apartment  1 )r\-  Kilns,  as  ordinarily  constructed  heretofore,  are  cost!}’ and  wasteful  in  the 
use  of  steam,  and  ix  casks  u.xsa  i iskac  porv  ix  rksults  pkoduckd. 

Our  standard  1’ru(;rkssivk  Lkmp.kr  Drvkr  meets  the  requirements  of  those  who  handle 
lumber  in  large  quantities,  A\'hile  for  .maxim  Aci  t'RKRS  (jf  KUKNrrin-tK,  sash,  doors,  st.aves, 
HK.VDixo,  etc.,  who  recjuire  i hokouohi.v  sK.\sr)Xi',D  i.f.MP.ER,  of  different  kinds  and  \'arious 
thicknesses,  we  have  inx'ented  an  .-\p.\r'i  .m  k.x  r Kiex. 

T'he  results  secured  by  this  .Apartment  Kiln  are  I'osrrivE  under  ai.l  external  cox- 
DPi  lo.xs.  It  does  not  impair  the  ([uality  of  the  lumber  by  destroying  the  life  of  the  wood,  and 
as  there  are  xo  stea.m  pipes  ix  or  u.xder  piie  Prvixo  roo.m,  i r is  aiisoi.utelv  sake  as  a 

FIRE  RISR. 

AA’e  guarantee  it  to  be  the  sakesp,  (juickesi',  and  .most  saitskactorv  .Apartment  Kiln  in  the 
woi  Id. 

In  .Apartment  Kilns  hie  rooms  should  not  exceed  twelve  feet  high,  se\’enteen  feet  long 
I to  accommodate  twel\  e.  fourteen,  and  sixteen  foot  lumber  i,  or  twenty  feet  wide.  In  writing  us, 
state  HEioiir,  w idih.  and  lexoim  of  each  roo.m,  and  now  maxv  ro(.»ms  are  desired. 

T'he  cut  on  page  22  shows  phri-.e  roo.ms,  making  six  compartments,  in  which  may  be 
seasoned  six  different  kinds  or  thicknesses  of  lumber.  That  which  will  season  quickest  can  be 
removed  at  any  time  when  dry  without  disturbing  any  other  lot. 


For  a kiln  plant,  consisting  from  one  to  ten  rooms,  we  furnish  : — 

Engine,  with  cast-iron  foundation.  Fly  Wheel,  .Automatic  .Stop  Variable-speed  Governor, 
Governor  belt.  Sight-feed  Lubricator,  'Throttle  A’ale,  littings  and  oil  cups.  (See  page  20.) 

Fax  Flower.  (See  pages  6 and  7.) 

Heater,  complete  with  all  required  \ alves  and  littings  (see  pages  8 and  9):  also,  air  duct 
with  proper  blast  gates. 

AA’e  furnish  free:  Plan  for  the  building  drawn  to  scale,  with  specifications  for  properly 
constructing  the  same,  and  instructions  for  erectinu  ' "^aratus.  AA'e  can  also  furnish,  if  desired, 
a man  to  superintend  putting  together  the  Fngine.,  j|ilower.  and  Heater. 

I 


SEND  FOR  LIST  OF  USERS  AND  TESTIMONIALS. 


iiosToN  IJi.owER  Company,  Boston.  Mass. 


•4 


•J4 


INSTRUCTIONS  FOR  ERECTING  HOT  BLAST  APPARATUS, 


I.  Place  the  Fait  in  itosition,  .so  that  outlet  enter.s  air  duct  properly. 

Place  the  inlet  connection  on  collar  of  Fan  case  and  plumb;  with  a block  of  wood,  drive  it  on  tight  bv 
pounding  carefully  close  to  collar. 

p Place  the  two  I beams  in  position  parallel  with  Fan  Shaft,  about  si.x  inches  nearer  to  it  than  the  corners 
of  Ileater  connection,  the  outer  ends  of  beams  must  be  distant  from  Heater  connection  the  length  of  Heater  case 
sides.  'Phen  fasten  beams  to  floor  with  lag  screws. 

Place  the  Heater  sections  in  position  on  the  I beams,  and,  unless  otherwise  instructed,  see  that  the  ends 
marked  " 1 ) " are  at  the  side  of  1 leater  nearest  mouth  of  Fan. 

3.  F.xamine  the  headers.  These  contain  walls  to  separate  the  several  portions  of  the  Heater  when  both 
live  and  e.xhaust  steam  are  used  at  one  time.  The  one  marked  " I " is  the  inlet  header,  and  must  be  placed  at  side 
of  Heater  farthest  from  mouth  of  Fan  with  steam  supply  openings  up.  Screw  into  each  side  hole  in  headers  one 
of  the  lock  nut  ni])ples,  carrying  its  lock  nut,  as  far  as  it  will  go. 

6.  Raise  to  position  one  end  of  inlet  header  and  enter  the  end  nipple  in  base,  then  raise  other  end  and  enter 
nijtple  at  that  end.  The  header  will  now  remain  in  place.  Enter  all  other  ni|3|)les  on  this  side  of  Heater,  leaving 
them  loose. 

7.  Place  outlet  header,  marked  "()”  in  corn'sponding  position  on  opposite  side  of  Heater  (see  section  5), 
and  repeat  same  operation  (see  section  6). 

S.  In  entering  nipples  in  bases  be  careful  not  to  cro.ss  the  threads.  When  all  nipples  are  properly  entered 
make  these  joints  tight,  using  oil  freely  in  preference  to  lead. 

9.  Pack  the  lock  nut  joints  by  placing  around  each  nipple  three  strands  of  asbestos  packing,  well  saturated 
with  oil,  and  then  “making  up”  the  lock  nut  as  tightly  as  possible  without  stripping  the  thread. 

10.  Place  the  sides  of  Heater  ease  in  position,  bolting  them  loosely  to  inlet  connection. 

I I.  Place  to|)  of  Heater  case  in  position,  bolting  it  loosely. 

I ’.  Place  all  remaining  bolts  in  Heater  case. 'uid  then  tighten  all  uniformly. 

13.  Make  all  necessary  connections  on  both  sides  of  Heater,  using  oil  freely  in  ])reference  to  lead. 

i .(.  If  the  part  of  the  1 leater  nearest  the  blower  is  arranged  to  use  live  steam  in  combination  with  e.xhaust 
steam  in  the  remaining  sections  during  the  daytime,  and  it  is  desired  to  use  live  steam  e.xclusively  in  the  whole 
Heater  at  night,  these  two  ])arts  of  the  Heater  must  be  connected  independently  with  the  steam  trap  or  traps,  and  a 
valve  |)laced  in  each  tra])  connection, 

15.  Plow  steam  through  the  Heater  freely,  so  as  to  blow  out  any  sand  or  borings  which  may  remain  in  the 
sections,  before  connecting  trap. 

1(1.  KiI.KS  I', IK  SKTI-INC,  ('ON.NI'.t'l  IM;,  \ N 1 1 I ) I'KK  AT  I NC.  STK.XM  TKAI'S: 

.\.  Take  the  cover  from  the  trap  and  remove  the  wooden  blocking,  then  re])lace  cover. 

1!.  Set  the  trap  level. 

IPse  a direct  drip  connection  pipe,  with  valve  from  the  return  pipe  (close  to  the  trap)  to  the  hot 
water  receiver. 

I).  I'se  an  air  vent  cock  in  the  hole  in  the  trap  cover.  I.eave  this  cock  a trille  open  always. 

F.  Place  a dri])  cock  in  the  hole  at  the  bottom  of  the  trap. 

F.  To  start  and  operate  the  trap.  In  mild  weather,  as  a rule,  it  is  necessary  only  to  ojjen  the  vent 
cock  on  to|)  for  a few  minutes.  In  very  cold  weather  it  may  be  nece.ssary  to  open  the  direct 
dri])  v:dve.  to  get  a more  free  discharge  than  the  opening  through  the  tra])  furnishes. 

Pile  drip  cock  at  bottom  is  to  dr-in  the  tra])  at  times  when  there  is  danger  of  freezing. 

(1.  These  " staiuhird  traps  ” some-1  to  ojierate,  either  by  not  discharging  water  or  by  allowing 

steam  to  escape.  In  eitl;^  ^ .here  is  probably  dirt  on  the  stem  or  sleeve  that  guides  the 

lloal.  T;d<e  the  trap  a])a\  1 clean  it. 

II.  In  case  the  tra|)  will  not  tlischart'e  water,  increase  the  droj)  of  the  lloat  by  raising  the  stem  a little. 

I.  Should  steam  blow  through  the  tra|),  lessen  the  dro])  of  the  lloat  by  lowering  the  stem  a little. 

I lon’t  use  tongs  or  you  will  spoil  the  stem. 


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